Roadmap Lua cho Roblox Game Development¶

🎯 Mục tiêu¶

Roadmap này giúp bạn trở thành Roblox developer chuyên nghiệp, từ cơ bản đến nâng cao.

📚 PHẦN 1: CƠ BẢN LUA (2-4 tuần)¶

1.1. Giới thiệu về Lua¶

[ ] Lua là gì và tại sao Roblox sử dụng Lua
[ ] Cài đặt Roblox Studio
[ ] Giao diện Roblox Studio cơ bản
[ ] Script Editor và Output window

1.2. Cú pháp cơ bản¶

-- Comments
print("Hello World")  -- In ra màn hình

-- Variables
local myNumber = 10
local myString = "Hello"
local myBoolean = true

[ ] Biến (Variables): local, global
[ ] Kiểu dữ liệu: string, number, boolean, nil
[ ] Comments (chú thích)
[ ] Print và Output debugging

1.3. Toán tử (Operators)¶

-- Arithmetic
local sum = 5 + 3
local product = 5 * 3
local power = 5 ^ 2

-- Comparison
local isEqual = (5 == 5)
local isGreater = (10 > 5)

-- Logical
local result = true and false
local result2 = true or false
local result3 = not true

[ ] Toán tử số học: +, -, *, /, ^, %
[ ] Toán tử so sánh: ==, ~=, <, >, <=, >=
[ ] Toán tử logic: and, or, not

1.4. Điều kiện (Conditionals)¶

local score = 85

if score >= 90 then
    print("Grade A")
elseif score >= 80 then
    print("Grade B")
else
    print("Grade C")
end

[ ] if, elseif, else statements
[ ] Nested conditions
[ ] Ternary-like operations

1.5. Vòng lặp (Loops)¶

-- For loop
for i = 1, 10 do
    print(i)
end

-- While loop
local count = 0
while count < 5 do
    print(count)
    count = count + 1
end

-- Repeat until
repeat
    print("Running")
until condition

[ ] for loops (numeric, generic)
[ ] while loops
[ ] repeat-until loops
[ ] break và continue

1.6. Tables (Bảng)¶

-- Array-like table
local fruits = {"Apple", "Banana", "Orange"}
print(fruits[1])  -- Apple (index bắt đầu từ 1)

-- Dictionary-like table
local player = {
    name = "John",
    health = 100,
    level = 5
}
print(player.name)  -- John

-- Nested tables
local inventory = {
    weapons = {"Sword", "Bow"},
    armor = {"Helmet", "Shield"}
}

[ ] Array-style tables
[ ] Dictionary-style tables
[ ] Nested tables
[ ] Table manipulation: insert, remove
[ ] Iteration với pairs() và ipairs()

1.7. Functions (Hàm)¶

-- Basic function
local function greet(name)
    print("Hello, " .. name)
end
greet("Player")

-- Return values
local function add(a, b)
    return a + b
end
local result = add(5, 3)

-- Multiple returns
local function getStats()
    return 100, 50, 25  -- health, mana, stamina
end
local hp, mp, sp = getStats()

[ ] Định nghĩa functions
[ ] Parameters và arguments
[ ] Return values
[ ] Local vs global functions
[ ] Anonymous functions

🎮 PHẦN 2: ROBLOX CƠ BẢN (3-5 tuần)¶

2.1. Roblox Object Model¶

-- Workspace
local part = Instance.new("Part")
part.Parent = workspace
part.Position = Vector3.new(0, 10, 0)

-- Getting objects
local myPart = workspace:FindFirstChild("PartName")
local player = game.Players.LocalPlayer

[ ] Instance và Properties
[ ] workspace, Players, ReplicatedStorage, ServerStorage
[ ] Part, Model, Tool basics
[ ] Parent-Child relationships
[ ] Instance.new() và :Clone()

2.2. Vector3 và CFrame¶

-- Vector3 (Position)
local position = Vector3.new(10, 5, 10)
part.Position = position

-- CFrame (Position + Rotation)
local cframe = CFrame.new(0, 10, 0)
part.CFrame = cframe

-- Rotation
part.CFrame = CFrame.Angles(math.rad(45), 0, 0)

-- Moving objects
part.CFrame = part.CFrame + Vector3.new(0, 1, 0)

[ ] Vector3: Position, Size, Velocity
[ ] CFrame: Position + Orientation
[ ] CFrame math operations
[ ] Rotation và angles

2.3. Scripts vs LocalScripts vs ModuleScripts¶

-- Script (Server-side)
print("Running on server")

-- LocalScript (Client-side)
local player = game.Players.LocalPlayer
print("Running on " .. player.Name)

-- ModuleScript
local module = {}
function module.MyFunction()
    return "Hello"
end
return module

[ ] Server-side Scripts
[ ] Client-side LocalScripts
[ ] ModuleScripts và require()
[ ] Client-Server architecture

2.4. Events (Sự kiện)¶

-- Touched event
part.Touched:Connect(function(hit)
    print(hit.Name .. " touched the part")
end)

-- Player events
game.Players.PlayerAdded:Connect(function(player)
    print(player.Name .. " joined!")
end)

-- Custom events
local event = Instance.new("BindableEvent")
event.Event:Connect(function(data)
    print(data)
end)
event:Fire("Hello")

[ ] :Connect() và event handlers
[ ] Common events: Touched, PlayerAdded, Died
[ ] BindableEvents và BindableFunctions
[ ] :Disconnect() events

2.5. Player và Character¶

-- Get player
local player = game.Players.LocalPlayer

-- Get character
local character = player.Character or player.CharacterAdded:Wait()
local humanoid = character:WaitForChild("Humanoid")

-- Modify health
humanoid.Health = 50

-- Detect death
humanoid.Died:Connect(function()
    print(player.Name .. " died")
end)

[ ] Player object và properties
[ ] Character model
[ ] Humanoid: Health, WalkSpeed, JumpPower
[ ] CharacterAdded event
[ ] Respawning

2.6. GUI (Giao diện người dùng)¶

-- ScreenGui
local screenGui = Instance.new("ScreenGui")
screenGui.Parent = player.PlayerGui

-- TextLabel
local label = Instance.new("TextLabel")
label.Size = UDim2.new(0, 200, 0, 50)
label.Position = UDim2.new(0.5, -100, 0, 10)
label.Text = "Hello Player"
label.Parent = screenGui

-- Button
local button = Instance.new("TextButton")
button.MouseButton1Click:Connect(function()
    print("Button clicked!")
end)

[ ] ScreenGui, BillboardGui, SurfaceGui
[ ] Frames, TextLabels, TextButtons
[ ] UDim2 positioning và sizing
[ ] GUI events: MouseButton1Click
[ ] Tweening GUI elements

🚀 PHẦN 3: ROBLOX TRUNG CẤP (4-6 tuần)¶

3.1. RemoteEvents và RemoteFunctions¶

-- Server Script
local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
local remote = ReplicatedStorage.RemoteEvent

remote.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(player, message)
    print(player.Name .. " said: " .. message)
end)

-- LocalScript (Client)
local remote = ReplicatedStorage.RemoteEvent
remote:FireServer("Hello Server!")

-- RemoteFunction (with return)
local remoteFunc = ReplicatedStorage.RemoteFunction
remoteFunc.OnServerInvoke = function(player, amount)
    return amount * 2
end

-- Client calling
local result = remoteFunc:InvokeServer(10)

[ ] Client-Server communication
[ ] RemoteEvent:FireServer(), :FireClient(), :FireAllClients()
[ ] RemoteFunction:InvokeServer(), :InvokeClient()
[ ] Security best practices

3.2. DataStores (Lưu dữ liệu)¶

local DataStoreService = game:GetService("DataStoreService")
local playerData = DataStoreService:GetDataStore("PlayerData")

-- Save data
game.Players.PlayerRemoving:Connect(function(player)
    local success, error = pcall(function()
        playerData:SetAsync(player.UserId, {
            coins = 1000,
            level = 5
        })
    end)
end)

-- Load data
game.Players.PlayerAdded:Connect(function(player)
    local data = playerData:GetAsync(player.UserId)
    if data then
        print(player.Name .. " has " .. data.coins .. " coins")
    end
end)

[ ] GetDataStore(), OrderedDataStore
[ ] :SetAsync(), :GetAsync(), :UpdateAsync()
[ ] pcall() cho error handling
[ ] Data limits và best practices
[ ] Auto-save systems

3.3. TweenService (Animations)¶

local TweenService = game:GetService("TweenService")

local part = workspace.Part
local tweenInfo = TweenInfo.new(
    2,  -- Time
    Enum.EasingStyle.Quad,
    Enum.EasingDirection.Out
)

local goal = {Position = Vector3.new(10, 10, 10)}
local tween = TweenService:Create(part, tweenInfo, goal)
tween:Play()

-- Tween events
tween.Completed:Connect(function()
    print("Tween finished")
end)

[ ] TweenInfo parameters
[ ] EasingStyles và EasingDirections
[ ] Tweening properties
[ ] Tween events: Completed, Paused
[ ] GUI tweening

3.4. Sound và Music¶

local sound = Instance.new("Sound")
sound.SoundId = "rbxassetid://1234567890"
sound.Parent = workspace
sound.Volume = 0.5
sound:Play()

-- 3D Sound
sound.RollOffMaxDistance = 100
sound.RollOffMinDistance = 10

-- Music loop
sound.Looped = true

[ ] Sound properties: Volume, Pitch, TimePosition
[ ] 3D sound và attenuation
[ ] SoundGroups
[ ] Playing/Stopping sounds
[ ] Audio assets

3.5. Lighting và Atmosphere¶

local Lighting = game:GetService("Lighting")

-- Time of day
Lighting.ClockTime = 12

-- Fog
Lighting.FogEnd = 500
Lighting.FogColor = Color3.new(1, 1, 1)

-- Atmosphere
local atmosphere = Instance.new("Atmosphere")
atmosphere.Density = 0.3
atmosphere.Parent = Lighting

-- ColorCorrection
local cc = Instance.new("ColorCorrectionEffect")
cc.Brightness = 0.1
cc.Parent = Lighting

[ ] Day/Night cycle
[ ] Fog, Bloom, SunRays
[ ] Atmosphere effects
[ ] ColorCorrection, Blur effects

3.6. Raycasting¶

-- Simple raycast
local origin = workspace.Camera.CFrame.Position
local direction = workspace.Camera.CFrame.LookVector * 100

local raycastResult = workspace:Raycast(origin, direction)

if raycastResult then
    local hitPart = raycastResult.Instance
    print("Hit: " .. hitPart.Name)

    -- Create marker
    local marker = Instance.new("Part")
    marker.Position = raycastResult.Position
    marker.Parent = workspace
end

-- RaycastParams
local params = RaycastParams.new()
params.FilterType = Enum.RaycastFilterType.Blacklist
params.FilterDescendantsInstances = {character}

local result = workspace:Raycast(origin, direction, params)

[ ] workspace:Raycast()
[ ] RaycastParams filtering
[ ] Hit detection
[ ] Mouse raycasting
[ ] Laser beams

💎 PHẦN 4: ROBLOX NÂNG CAO (6-8 tuần)¶

4.1. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)¶

-- Class definition
local Player = {}
Player.__index = Player

function Player.new(name, health)
    local self = setmetatable({}, Player)
    self.name = name
    self.health = health
    return self
end

function Player:TakeDamage(amount)
    self.health = self.health - amount
    if self.health <= 0 then
        self:Die()
    end
end

function Player:Die()
    print(self.name .. " died")
end

-- Usage
local player1 = Player.new("John", 100)
player1:TakeDamage(30)

[ ] Metatables và __index
[ ] Creating classes
[ ] Methods và self
[ ] Inheritance
[ ] Encapsulation

4.2. Advanced DataStores¶

-- UpdateAsync for concurrent updates
playerData:UpdateAsync(player.UserId, function(oldData)
    local data = oldData or {coins = 0}
    data.coins = data.coins + 10
    return data
end)

-- Versioning
local function saveData(player, data)
    data.version = 2
    playerData:SetAsync(player.UserId, data)
end

-- Session locking
local sessionData = {}

local function loadData(player)
    if sessionData[player.UserId] then
        player:Kick("Data session already active")
        return
    end

    sessionData[player.UserId] = true
    local data = playerData:GetAsync(player.UserId)
    return data
end

[ ] :UpdateAsync() cho safe updates
[ ] Session locking
[ ] Data versioning
[ ] Retry logic
[ ] Data backup strategies

4.3. ProfileService (Better DataStore)¶

local ProfileService = require(ReplicatedStorage.ProfileService)

local ProfileTemplate = {
    Coins = 0,
    Level = 1,
    Inventory = {}
}

local ProfileStore = ProfileService.GetProfileStore(
    "PlayerData",
    ProfileTemplate
)

local Profiles = {}

game.Players.PlayerAdded:Connect(function(player)
    local profile = ProfileStore:LoadProfileAsync("Player_" .. player.UserId)

    if profile then
        profile:AddUserId(player.UserId)
        profile:Reconcile()

        profile:ListenToRelease(function()
            Profiles[player] = nil
            player:Kick()
        end)

        if player:IsDescendantOf(game.Players) then
            Profiles[player] = profile
        else
            profile:Release()
        end
    end
end)

[ ] ProfileService installation
[ ] Session locking tự động
[ ] Data reconciliation
[ ] Release handling
[ ] Best practices

4.4. Advanced Combat System¶

-- Damage calculation
local function calculateDamage(attacker, defender)
    local baseDamage = attacker.Weapon.Damage
    local defense = defender.Armor.Defense
    local critChance = attacker.Stats.CritChance

    local damage = baseDamage - defense

    if math.random() < critChance then
        damage = damage * 2
        print("Critical hit!")
    end

    return math.max(damage, 1)
end

-- Hitbox system
local function createHitbox(character, size, duration)
    local rootPart = character.HumanoidRootPart
    local hitbox = Instance.new("Part")
    hitbox.Size = size
    hitbox.CFrame = rootPart.CFrame
    hitbox.Transparency = 1
    hitbox.CanCollide = false
    hitbox.Parent = workspace

    local hitPlayers = {}

    local connection = hitbox.Touched:Connect(function(hit)
        local enemyHumanoid = hit.Parent:FindFirstChild("Humanoid")
        if enemyHumanoid and not hitPlayers[hit.Parent] then
            hitPlayers[hit.Parent] = true
            -- Deal damage
        end
    end)

    task.wait(duration)
    connection:Disconnect()
    hitbox:Destroy()
end

[ ] Weapon systems
[ ] Hitbox detection
[ ] Damage calculation
[ ] Status effects
[ ] Cooldown systems
[ ] Combo systems

4.5. Inventory System¶

local InventorySystem = {}
InventorySystem.Inventories = {}

function InventorySystem.CreateInventory(player, size)
    InventorySystem.Inventories[player] = {
        MaxSlots = size,
        Items = {}
    }
end

function InventorySystem.AddItem(player, itemId, amount)
    local inventory = InventorySystem.Inventories[player]

    -- Check if item exists
    for i, item in pairs(inventory.Items) do
        if item.Id == itemId then
            item.Amount = item.Amount + amount
            return true
        end
    end

    -- Add new item
    if #inventory.Items < inventory.MaxSlots then
        table.insert(inventory.Items, {
            Id = itemId,
            Amount = amount
        })
        return true
    end

    return false  -- Inventory full
end

function InventorySystem.RemoveItem(player, itemId, amount)
    local inventory = InventorySystem.Inventories[player]

    for i, item in pairs(inventory.Items) do
        if item.Id == itemId then
            if item.Amount >= amount then
                item.Amount = item.Amount - amount
                if item.Amount == 0 then
                    table.remove(inventory.Items, i)
                end
                return true
            end
        end
    end

    return false
end

return InventorySystem

[ ] Inventory structure
[ ] Adding/removing items
[ ] Item stacking
[ ] Item rarity
[ ] GUI integration
[ ] Drag and drop

4.6. Quest System¶

local QuestSystem = {}
QuestSystem.ActiveQuests = {}

local Quests = {
    ["Quest1"] = {
        Name = "Defeat Enemies",
        Description = "Defeat 10 enemies",
        Objectives = {
            {Type = "Kill", Target = "Enemy", Amount = 10, Current = 0}
        },
        Rewards = {Coins = 100, XP = 50}
    }
}

function QuestSystem.StartQuest(player, questId)
    local quest = Quests[questId]
    if not quest then return end

    if not QuestSystem.ActiveQuests[player] then
        QuestSystem.ActiveQuests[player] = {}
    end

    QuestSystem.ActiveQuests[player][questId] = {
        Objectives = table.clone(quest.Objectives),
        StartTime = tick()
    }
end

function QuestSystem.UpdateProgress(player, objectiveType, target, amount)
    local playerQuests = QuestSystem.ActiveQuests[player]
    if not playerQuests then return end

    for questId, questData in pairs(playerQuests) do
        for _, objective in ipairs(questData.Objectives) do
            if objective.Type == objectiveType and objective.Target == target then
                objective.Current = math.min(objective.Current + amount, objective.Amount)

                -- Check completion
                if QuestSystem.IsQuestComplete(player, questId) then
                    QuestSystem.CompleteQuest(player, questId)
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

return QuestSystem

[ ] Quest structure
[ ] Objective tracking
[ ] Quest progression
[ ] Rewards system
[ ] Multiple quests

4.7. Pathfinding AI¶

local PathfindingService = game:GetService("PathfindingService")

local function findPath(npc, target)
    local humanoid = npc:FindFirstChild("Humanoid")
    if not humanoid then return end

    local path = PathfindingService:CreatePath({
        AgentRadius = 3,
        AgentHeight = 5,
        AgentCanJump = true,
        AgentCanClimb = true
    })

    local success, errorMessage = pcall(function()
        path:ComputeAsync(npc.HumanoidRootPart.Position, target.Position)
    end)

    if success and path.Status == Enum.PathStatus.Success then
        local waypoints = path:GetWaypoints()

        for i, waypoint in ipairs(waypoints) do
            if waypoint.Action == Enum.PathWaypointAction.Jump then
                humanoid.Jump = true
            end

            humanoid:MoveTo(waypoint.Position)
            humanoid.MoveToFinished:Wait()
        end
    end
end

-- Chase AI
local function chasePlayer(npc, player)
    while true do
        local character = player.Character
        if character then
            findPath(npc, character.HumanoidRootPart)
        end
        task.wait(2)
    end
end

[ ] PathfindingService
[ ] Computing paths
[ ] Following waypoints
[ ] Jump và climb handling
[ ] AI states (Idle, Chase, Attack)
[ ] Patrol systems

4.8. Advanced Animation¶

-- Animation loading
local humanoid = character:WaitForChild("Humanoid")
local animator = humanoid:WaitForChild("Animator")

local animationId = "rbxassetid://123456789"
local animation = Instance.new("Animation")
animation.AnimationId = animationId

local animTrack = animator:LoadAnimation(animation)

-- Playing animations
animTrack:Play()
animTrack:AdjustSpeed(1.5)
animTrack:AdjustWeight(2)

-- Animation events
animTrack:GetMarkerReachedSignal("Shoot"):Connect(function()
    print("Shoot marker reached")
end)

animTrack.Stopped:Connect(function()
    print("Animation stopped")
end)

-- Blending animations
local idleAnim = animator:LoadAnimation(idleAnimation)
local walkAnim = animator:LoadAnimation(walkAnimation)

idleAnim:Play()
walkAnim:Play()
walkAnim:AdjustWeight(0.5)  -- Blend

[ ] Animation loading
[ ] Animation priority
[ ] Animation blending
[ ] Animation events/markers
[ ] Custom animations
[ ] Animation controllers

4.9. Procedural Generation¶

-- Terrain generation
local function generateTerrain(size)
    for x = -size, size do
        for z = -size, size do
            local height = math.noise(x/20, z/20) * 10
            local part = Instance.new("Part")
            part.Size = Vector3.new(4, height, 4)
            part.Position = Vector3.new(x*4, height/2, z*4)
            part.Anchored = true
            part.Parent = workspace.Terrain
        end
    end
end

-- Dungeon generation
local function generateDungeon(width, height)
    local grid = {}

    -- Initialize grid
    for x = 1, width do
        grid[x] = {}
        for y = 1, height do
            grid[x][y] = "wall"
        end
    end

    -- Carve rooms
    local function carveRoom(startX, startY, roomWidth, roomHeight)
        for x = startX, startX + roomWidth do
            for y = startY, startY + roomHeight do
                if grid[x] and grid[x][y] then
                    grid[x][y] = "floor"
                end
            end
        end
    end

    -- Generate random rooms
    for i = 1, 10 do
        local x = math.random(2, width - 10)
        local y = math.random(2, height - 10)
        local w = math.random(4, 8)
        local h = math.random(4, 8)
        carveRoom(x, y, w, h)
    end

    return grid
end

[ ] Perlin noise terrain
[ ] Dungeon generation
[ ] Random structures
[ ] Biomes
[ ] Procedural meshes

4.10. Network Optimization¶

-- Batching remote calls
local remoteQueue = {}
local UPDATE_INTERVAL = 0.1

local function queueRemote(eventName, ...)
    table.insert(remoteQueue, {eventName, {...}})
end

task.spawn(function()
    while true do
        if #remoteQueue > 0 then
            RemoteEvent:FireServer(remoteQueue)
            remoteQueue = {}
        end
        task.wait(UPDATE_INTERVAL)
    end
end)

-- Object pooling
local ObjectPool = {}
ObjectPool.Pool = {}

function ObjectPool.Get(template)
    if #ObjectPool.Pool > 0 then
        local obj = table.remove(ObjectPool.Pool)
        obj.Parent = workspace
        return obj
    else
        return template:Clone()
    end
end

function ObjectPool.Return(obj)
    obj.Parent = nil
    table.insert(ObjectPool.Pool, obj)
end

-- Streaming optimization
workspace.StreamingEnabled = true
workspace.StreamingTargetRadius = 512
workspace.StreamingMinRadius = 128

[ ] Remote batching
[ ] Object pooling
[ ] Streaming enabled
[ ] LOD (Level of Detail)
[ ] Culling techniques
[ ] Memory management

🏆 PHẦN 5: CHUYÊN NGHIỆP (8+ tuần)¶

5.1. Anti-Cheat Systems¶

-- Server-side validation
RemoteEvent.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(player, action, data)
    -- Validate player exists
    if not player or not player.Parent then return end

    -- Rate limiting
    if isRateLimited(player) then
        warnPlayer(player, "Too many requests")
        return
    end

    -- Sanity checks
    if action == "BuyItem" then
        local price = ItemDatabase[data.itemId].Price
        if player.Coins.Value < price then
            return  -- Not enough coins
        end
    end

    -- Position validation
    if action == "Move" then
        local distance = (data.position - player.Character.HumanoidRootPart.Position).Magnitude
        if distance > 100 then  -- Teleport hack
            kickPlayer(player, "Invalid movement")
            return
        end
    end
end)

-- Speed check
local lastPositions = {}
game:GetService("RunService").Heartbeat:Connect(function()
    for _, player in pairs(game.Players:GetPlayers()) do
        if player.Character then
            local rootPart = player.Character.HumanoidRootPart
            local lastPos = lastPositions[player]

            if lastPos then
                local distance = (rootPart.Position - lastPos).Magnitude
                local speed = distance / 0.03  -- Heartbeat interval

                if speed > 100 then  -- Too fast
                    kickPlayer(player, "Speed hack detected")
                end
            end

            lastPositions[player] = rootPart.Position
        end
    end
end)

[ ] Input validation
[ ] Rate limiting
[ ] Server authority
[ ] Speed checks
[ ] Exploit detection
[ ] Logging suspicious activity

5.2. Advanced Framework Architecture¶

-- Service pattern
local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
local Services = ReplicatedStorage.Services

local CombatService = require(Services.CombatService)
local DataService = require(Services.DataService)
local UIService = require(Services.UIService)

-- Controllers (client)
local Controllers = ReplicatedStorage.Controllers
local InputController = require(Controllers.InputController)

-- Dependency injection
local ServiceContainer = {}

function ServiceContainer:Register(name, service)
    self[name] = service
end

function ServiceContainer:Get(name)
    return self[name]
end

ServiceContainer:Register("Combat", CombatService)
ServiceContainer:Register("Data", DataService)

-- Usage
local combat = ServiceContainer:Get("Combat")
combat:DealDamage(player, target, 50)

[ ] Service architecture
[ ] Dependency injection
[ ] Event aggregator
[ ] State management
[ ] Modular systems
[ ] Testing frameworks

5.3. Matchmaking System¶

local MatchmakingService = {}
MatchmakingService.Queue = {}
MatchmakingService.Matches = {}

function MatchmakingService:JoinQueue(player, skill)
    table.insert(self.Queue, {
        Player = player,
        Skill = skill,
        JoinTime = tick()
    })
end

function MatchmakingService:FindMatch()
    if #self.Queue < 2 then return end

    -- Sort by skill
    table.sort(self.Queue, function(a, b)
        return a.Skill < b.Skill
    end)

    -- Find compatible players
    for i = 1, #self.Queue - 1 do
        local player1 = self.Queue[i]
        local player2 = self.Queue[i + 1]

        local skillDiff = math.abs(player1.Skill - player2.Skill)
        local waitTime = tick() - math.min(player1.JoinTime, player2.JoinTime)

        -- Expand skill range over time
        local maxSkillDiff = 100 + (waitTime * 10)

        if skillDiff <= maxSkillDiff then
            self:CreateMatch(player1.Player, player2.Player)
            table.remove(self.Queue, i + 1)
            table.remove(self.Queue, i)
            break
        end
    end
end

return MatchmakingService

[ ] Queue systems
[ ] Skill-based matching
[ ] Party systems
[ ] Lobby management
[ ] Match creation

5.4. Trading System¶

local TradingSystem = {}
TradingSystem.ActiveTrades = {}

function TradingSystem:InitiateTrade(player1, player2)
    local tradeId = game:GetService("HttpService"):GenerateGUID()

    self.ActiveTrades[tradeId] = {
        Player1 = player1,
        Player2 = player2,
        Player1Offer = {},
        Player2Offer = {},
        Player1Accepted = false,
        Player2Accepted = false,
        Locked = false
    }

    return tradeId
end

function TradingSystem:AddOffer(tradeId, player, item)
    local trade = self.ActiveTrades[tradeId]
    if trade.Locked then return false end

    -- Reset acceptances
    trade.Player1Accepted = false
    trade.Player2Accepted = false

    if player == trade.Player1 then
        table.insert(trade.Player1Offer, item)
    else
        table.insert(trade.Player2Offer, item)
    end

    return true
end

function TradingSystem:AcceptTrade(tradeId, player)
    local trade = self.ActiveTrades[tradeId]

    if player == trade.Player1 then
        trade.Player1Accepted = true
    else
        trade.Player2Accepted = true
    end

    if trade.Player1Accepted and trade.Player2Accepted then
        self:ExecuteTrade(tradeId)
    end
end

function TradingSystem:ExecuteTrade(tradeId)
    local trade = self.ActiveTrades[tradeId]
    trade.Locked = true

    -- Transfer items
    -- ... item transfer logic

    self.ActiveTrades[tradeId] = nil
end

return TradingSystem

[ ] Trade requests
[ ] Offer management
[ ] Acceptance system
[ ] Scam prevention
[ ] Transaction logging

5.5. Analytics và Metrics¶

local AnalyticsService = {}

function AnalyticsService:TrackEvent(player, eventName, data)
    local httpService = game:GetService("HttpService")

    local eventData = {
        UserId = player.UserId,
        Username = player.Name,
        Event = eventName,
        Data = data,
        Timestamp = os.time(),
        PlaceId = game.PlaceId
    }

    -- Send to external analytics
    -- httpService:PostAsync(ANALYTICS_URL, httpService:JSONEncode(eventData))

    -- Local tracking
    self:SaveToDataStore(eventData)
end

function AnalyticsService:TrackPlayerSession(player)
    local joinTime = tick()

    player.AncestryChanged:Connect(function()
        if not player:IsDescendantOf(game) then
            local sessionLength = tick() - joinTime
            self:TrackEvent(player, "SessionEnd", {
                Duration = sessionLength
            })
        end
    end)
end

return AnalyticsService

[ ] Event tracking
[ ] Player metrics
[ ] Session analytics
[ ] Conversion funnels
[ ] A/B testing
[ ] External API integration

🛠️ CÔNG CỤ & THƯ VIỆN QUAN TRỌNG¶

Frameworks¶

[ ] Knit - Game framework
[ ] ProfileService - Data management
[ ] Roact - UI framework (React-like)
[ ] Rodux - State management (Redux-like)

Libraries¶

[ ] Spring - Smooth animations
[ ] Promise - Async operations
[ ] Signal - Event system
[ ] Fusion - Modern UI framework

Tools¶

[ ] Rojo - VS Code integration
[ ] Selene - Lua linter
[ ] StyLua - Code formatter
[ ] TestEZ - Unit testing

📦 DỰ ÁN THỰC HÀNH¶

Beginner Projects¶

Obby Game - Basic movement, checkpoints
Coin Collector - GUI, basic scripting
Simple Tycoon - Money system, buttons

Intermediate Projects¶

Fighting Game - Combat system, health bars
Simulator Game - Pet system, rebirth, shop
Tower Defense - Pathfinding, waves, towers

Advanced Projects¶

RPG Game - Quests, inventory, skills, NPCs
Battle Royale - Matchmaking, zone shrinking
MMORPG - Server architecture, economy

📖 TÀI NGUYÊN HỌC TẬP¶

Official Resources¶

[ ] Roblox Developer Hub
[ ] Roblox Creator Documentation
[ ] DevForum
[ ] API Reference

YouTube Channels¶

[ ] AlvinBlox
[ ] TheDevKing
[ ] Peaspod Productions
[ ] GnomeCode

Community¶

[ ] Hidden Developers (Discord)
[ ] Roblox OSS Community
[ ] DevForum

✅ LỘ TRÌNH THEO THỜI GIAN¶

Tháng 1-2: Foundation¶

Lua cơ bản hoàn chỉnh
Roblox Studio basics
Script đầu tiên

Tháng 3-4: Core Skills¶

RemoteEvents mastery
DataStore implementation
GUI systems
Basic game mechanics

Tháng 5-6: Game Systems¶

Combat systems
Inventory management
Quest systems
AI basics

Tháng 7-8: Advanced Topics¶

OOP patterns
Framework usage
Optimization
Security

Tháng 9-12: Professional¶

Complete game projects
Monetization
Publishing
Portfolio building

💡 TIPS & BEST PRACTICES¶

Code Quality¶

-- ✅ GOOD
local function calculateDamage(attacker, defender)
    local baseDamage = attacker.Weapon.Damage
    local defense = defender.Armor.Defense
    return math.max(baseDamage - defense, 1)
end

-- ❌ BAD
function dmg(a, d)
    return a.Weapon.Damage - d.Armor.Defense
end

Security¶

Never trust client input
Always validate on server
Use RemoteEvents properly
Implement rate limiting

Performance¶

Use local variables
Cache references
Avoid :GetChildren() in loops
Use object pooling
Enable streaming

Organization¶

ReplicatedStorage/
├── Modules/
│   ├── CombatSystem.lua
│   ├── InventorySystem.lua
│   └── QuestSystem.lua
├── RemoteEvents/
│   ├── DamageEvent
│   └── ShopEvent
└── Assets/
    ├── Sounds/
    └── UI/

ServerScriptService/
├── Services/
│   ├── DataService.lua
│   ├── PlayerService.lua
│   └── MatchmakingService.lua
└── Server.lua

🎯 CHECKLIST HOÀN THÀNH¶

[ ] Hoàn thành tất cả cú pháp Lua cơ bản
[ ] Tạo được 3 game đơn giản
[ ] Hiểu rõ RemoteEvents
[ ] Implement DataStore thành công
[ ] Tạo combat system hoàn chỉnh
[ ] Build inventory system
[ ] Implement quest system
[ ] Tối ưu hóa performance
[ ] Thêm anti-cheat
[ ] Publish game lên Roblox

🚀 BƯỚC TIẾP THEO SAU ROADMAP¶

Specialize - Chọn chuyên ngành (Combat, UI, Systems, AI)
Collaborate - Tham gia teams để làm game lớn
Monetize - Học về GamePasses, DevProducts
Scale - Học server infrastructure cho massive games
Portfolio - Build portfolio và showcase games

Chúc bạn thành công trên con đường trở thành Roblox Developer! 🎮✨

Roadmap Lua cho Roblox Game Development¶

🎯 Mục tiêu¶

📚 PHẦN 1: CƠ BẢN LUA (2-4 tuần)¶

1.1. Giới thiệu về Lua¶

1.2. Cú pháp cơ bản¶

1.3. Toán tử (Operators)¶

1.4. Điều kiện (Conditionals)¶

1.5. Vòng lặp (Loops)¶

1.6. Tables (Bảng)¶

1.7. Functions (Hàm)¶

🎮 PHẦN 2: ROBLOX CƠ BẢN (3-5 tuần)¶

2.1. Roblox Object Model¶

2.2. Vector3 và CFrame¶

2.3. Scripts vs LocalScripts vs ModuleScripts¶

2.4. Events (Sự kiện)¶

2.5. Player và Character¶

2.6. GUI (Giao diện người dùng)¶

🚀 PHẦN 3: ROBLOX TRUNG CẤP (4-6 tuần)¶

3.1. RemoteEvents và RemoteFunctions¶

3.2. DataStores (Lưu dữ liệu)¶

3.3. TweenService (Animations)¶

3.4. Sound và Music¶

3.5. Lighting và Atmosphere¶

3.6. Raycasting¶

💎 PHẦN 4: ROBLOX NÂNG CAO (6-8 tuần)¶

4.1. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)¶

4.2. Advanced DataStores¶

4.3. ProfileService (Better DataStore)¶

4.4. Advanced Combat System¶

4.5. Inventory System¶

4.6. Quest System¶

4.7. Pathfinding AI¶

4.8. Advanced Animation¶

4.9. Procedural Generation¶

4.10. Network Optimization¶

🏆 PHẦN 5: CHUYÊN NGHIỆP (8+ tuần)¶

5.1. Anti-Cheat Systems¶

5.2. Advanced Framework Architecture¶

5.3. Matchmaking System¶

5.4. Trading System¶

5.5. Analytics và Metrics¶

🛠️ CÔNG CỤ & THƯ VIỆN QUAN TRỌNG¶

Frameworks¶

Libraries¶

Tools¶

📦 DỰ ÁN THỰC HÀNH¶

Beginner Projects¶

Intermediate Projects¶

Advanced Projects¶

📖 TÀI NGUYÊN HỌC TẬP¶

Official Resources¶

YouTube Channels¶

Community¶

✅ LỘ TRÌNH THEO THỜI GIAN¶

Tháng 1-2: Foundation¶

Tháng 3-4: Core Skills¶

Tháng 5-6: Game Systems¶

Tháng 7-8: Advanced Topics¶

Tháng 9-12: Professional¶

💡 TIPS & BEST PRACTICES¶

Code Quality¶

Security¶

Performance¶

Organization¶

🎯 CHECKLIST HOÀN THÀNH¶

🚀 BƯỚC TIẾP THEO SAU ROADMAP¶

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